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Compton, J. A., Culham, A. & Jury, S. L.: Reclassification of Actaea to include Cimicifuga and Souliea (Ranunculaceae): phylogeny inferred from morphology, nrDNA ITS, and cpDNA trnL-F sequence variation. – Taxon 47: 593-634. 1998. – ISSN 0040-0262.

The following unpublished data pertain to the above article:

APPENDIX : Representative specimens of all taxa examined:

1. Actaea vaginata

BHUTAN: Singhi elev. 13000ft. August 2 1915, R.E.Cooper & A.K.Bulley 4292 (E); Dunchingang Ridge elev. 12200ft, May 28 1968, S.Bowes-Lyon 3263 (BM); Dunchingang (Black Mt.) north side, May 20 1937, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 3084 (BM); Chili-la elev. 12000ft. May 4 1949, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 16138 (BM); Ruda-la west side, elev. 12000ft. May 18 1949, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 18897 (BM); Singhi, Kursted elev. 13000ft. August 2 1915, R.E.Cooper 4292 (BM); CHINA: SICHUAN: Tachienlu (Kanding) elev. 9-13500ft. before December 1890, A.E.Pratt 785 (BM); Tachienlu (Kanding) elev. 9-13000ft. before 1890, A.E.Pratt 881 (K); without locality, elev. 10-11500ft. May 1904, E.H.Wilson 3171 (BM,K); Muli, Kulu, Pai-li-ni elev. 3300m. September 25 1937, T.T.Yu 14369 (BM); YUNNAN: East flank of Lichiang range elev. 11-12000ft. June 1906, G.Forrest 2261 (E); Yunnan without locality 1931, G.Forrest 30011 (E); Mt.Djinaloko, Yangtze watershed on east slopes of Likiang Snow Range elev. 13000ft. May 2 1923, J.F.Rock 8353 (E); Chungtien, Shian Rentung elev. 3400m. October 19 1937, T.T.Yu 13764 (BM); Atuntze (Deqen), Bai-ma-shan elev. 3900m. November 27 1937, T.T.Yu 10860 (BM,E); Weihsi north of Tungchuling elev. 4100m. November 7 1937, T.T.Yu 10645 (BM); Chungtien, Kungsinshuh elev. 3300m. November 8 1937, T.T.Yu 13992 (BM); A-tun-tsi (Deqen), elev. 13000ft. May 1911, F.Kingdon-Ward s.n. (E); A-tun-tsi elev. 14-15000ft. 1912, F.Kingdon-Ward 614 (E); INDIA: ASSAM: elev. 12000ft. June 6 1935, F.Kingdon-Ward 11627,(BM); TIBET: KONGBO: Lusha-chu, elev. 10500ft. 29°20’N; 94°35’E, June 8 1938, F.Ludlow, G.Sherriff & G.Taylor 4706 (BM); Ngima-la elev. 12000ft. September 22 1947, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 13255 (BM); Budi, Kepa-la, Kean-Pe, elev. 11000ft. May 12 1947, F.Ludlow, G.Sherriff & H.H.Elliot 13673 (BM); Tsangpo valley in valley above Tse 29°23’N; 94°22’E, elev. 11500ft. June 1 1938, F.Ludlow, G.Sherriff & G.Taylor 4606 (BM); Showaba elev. 9500ft. June 13 1947, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 13165 (BM); Sengdam, Tsangpo gorge elev. 10500ft. May 4 1947, F.Ludlow & G.Sherriff 13637 (BM).

2a. Actaea racemosa var. racemosa

CANADA: without locality or date annotated "Actaea canadensis" in sched. Pallas s.n. (BM); ONTARIO: Norfolk Co. in woods, July 1880, Dr.Nicholl 75 (BM);

U.S.A.: Without specific locality: "Botrophis serpentaria Mts. Alleghany", C.S.Rafinesque s.n. (Px2); ARKANSAS: Independence Co. along cliffs south-west of St. Clair Springs, 6m. north of Batesville, near US 167, Barnette’s property, June 13 1968, R. Dale Thomas 8499 (WTU); CONNECTICUT: vicinity of Green’s Farms, July 4 1894, C.L.Pollard 123 (US); DELAWARE: Centerville in rich woods, July 6 1866, A.Commons s.n. (PH); GEORGIA: without locality or date, A.W.Chapman s.n. (US); INDIANA: Hanover Indiana, June 27 1874, John M.Coulter 3375 (NY); KENTUCKY: Kentucky without date, B.Matthes 106 (P); Porkcastle Co. July 2 1940, E.Lucy Braun s.n. (US); MARYLAND: near Friendly in rich woods, June 27 1926, S.F.Blake 9514 (B,BM,GH,K); MASSACHUSETTS: Hampden Co. base of wooded slope, Holyoke along railroad and Connecticut river north of Rt.141, July 28 1978, H.E.Ahles 85943 (NEBCx2); MISSOURI: Iron Co. woods, Ironton, July 1897, Colton Russell s.n. (MO); NEW JERSEY: Essex Co. dry rocky woods, Milburn, July 12 1903, Kenneth K.MacKenzie 262 (Ex2,NY); NEW YORK STATE: Mt.Kisco, July 26 1956, Helen M.Fox s.n. (NY); NORTH CAROLINA: 1897, H.Buysman s.n., Biltmore Herb.#1966 (Ux2); OHIO: in woods near Cincinnati, July 1837, B.Frank s.n. (BM,HBG,K,NY,OXF,Px2); PENNSYLVANIA: Pennsylvania without date, T.Nuttall s.n. (BM); SOUTH CAROLINA: S.Carolina 1888, Gerald McCarthy s.n. (WTU); TENNESSEE: Cocke Co. near Lemon’s Gap, September 8 1897, Thos. H.Kearney 606 (NY); VIRGINIA: Surry Co. rich woods along James river below Sunken Meadow Beach, June 14 1938, M.L.Fernald & Bayard Long 8274 (GH); WASHINGTON D.C.: Sideling Hill below relay station across Hwy 40 elev. 1500ft. between Forest Park and Harvey, June 20 1981, Steven R.Hill 10342 (NY); WEST VIRGINIA: Greenbrier Co. Alleghany Mts. White Sulphur Springs, July 4-6 1914, F.W.Hunnewell 2 .2866 (GHx2).

2b. Actaea racemosa var. dissecta

U.S.A.: DELAWARE: in a densely shaded wood in a ravine on west side of Brandywine Creek above Rockland, July 10 1865, A.Commons s.n. (PH); rich woods along Brandywine above Rockland, scarce, July 7 1890, A.Commons s.n. (PH); rich woods along Brandywine Creek above Rockland, July 10 1890, A.Commons s.n.,(PH,US); Wilmington, without date, Wm.M.Canby s.n. (GH); Upper Darby without date, Prof. Louis R.Gibbes s.n. (NY); Delaware Co. Upper Darby, October 6 without year, Dr. G.Smith s.n. (NY); Darby Creek, Pennsylvania, 1898, Dr.Geo.Smith s.n. (US).

3. Actaea pachypoda

CANADA: ONTARIO: Lake Huron without date, Dr.C.C.Todd s.n. (K);

U.S.A.: MASSACHUSETTS: Cambridge, May 26 1815, J.M.Bigelow s.n. (K); MICHIGAN: Cass County, August 22 without year, J.Carey s.n. (K); MISSOURI: Dumas, September 7 1922, B.F.Bush 9890 (K); OHIO: riverbank of the Ohio river, Fernbank near North Bend without date, C.W.Short s.n. (K); PENNSYLVANIA: Penn. Without date, H.P.Sartwell s.n. (K); TENNESSEE: Cumberland River without date, S.T.Olney s.n. (K); VERMONT: Charlotte, Vermont, August 13 1877, Pringle s.n. (K); VIRGINIA: Smyth Co. Nick’s Creek, base of Pine Glade Mt. August 5 1892, John K.Small s.n. (K).

4. Actaea asiatica

CHINA: Western China, 9 000ft. without date, E.H.Wilson 3037 (K); GANSU: Yen-tchang region of Kiao Kia, May 1909, F.Ducloux 6317 (K); Hai tchang-tze, south Kansu, July 13 1918, E.Licent 4307 (K); HUBEI: West Hupeh, April 1900, E.H.Wilson 539 (K); SICHUAN: Tien-chuan-hsien, elev. 2400m. May 11 1936, K.L.Chu 2547 (K); near Tachienlu (Kanding) elev. 9 000 - 13 000ft. before December 1890, A.E.Pratt 337 (K); YUNNAN: Xiachuadianba north end of Cangshan, May 21 1981, Sino-British Exped. 1045 (K); JAPAN: HONSHU: central Mts. elev. 2-7 000ft. on or before August 1880, Maries s.n. (K).

5a. Actaea rubra f. rubra

ASIA: 1936 (K); JAPAN: HOKKAIDO ISLAND: Katami prov. Rubeshibe, 1914, E.H.Wilson s.n. (K); NORTH KOREA: Chamjion prov. near Jumin-yan river, May 24 1897, V.Komarov 663 (K); RUSSIA: SIBERIA: West Siberia near Tobolsk, July 27 1910, Mameer 62 (Kx2); Amur River region, June 23 1957, G.N.Nepli s.n. (K); Amur River region, July 20 1957, G.N.Nepli s.n. (K); EUROPE: FINLAND: Kuusamo, Paanajärvi near Kuloharju, July 30 without year, Harald Lindberg 1939 (K); SWEDEN: Torne lappmark, Junosuando, Nasogisby, river Rantajoko, June 27 1926, Carl G.Alm s.n. (K); NORTH AMERICA: CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: Cascade Mts, Chilukweyah woods, B.C. June 1859, Dr. Lyall s.n. (K); MANITOBA: York Factory by Hudson’s Bay Post, July 20 1949, Scoggan 5974 (K); NEWFOUNDLAND: crevice on cliff, Straitsville, North Peninsular, July 25 1997, W.J.Baker 700 with C.Cox & T.A.J.Hedderson (RNG); ONTARIO: Ontario lake region, June 3 1876, Prof. Macoun 58 (K); QUEBEC: Quebec city, Plains of Abraham elev. 20m. May 12 1985, T.A.J.Hedderson 2791 (RNG); U.S.A.: ALASKA: Kenai Peninsular, Seward, August 28 1932, E. Hultén 7842 (K); ARIZONA: (as A. viridiflora Greene) San Francisco Mt. northwest side, Little Spring, June 2 1901, Lester F.Ward s.n. (K); COLORADO: Chaffee Co. San Isobel Nat. Forest, Monarch Pass 18 m. west of Salida, August 4 1960, F.S.Crosswhite 1258 (K); MONTANA: (as A. arguta Nutt.) Missoula Co. Rattlesnake river, May 16 1938, Gene Payne 7 (K); NEW MEXICO: (as A. viridiflora Greene) Socorro Co. Mogollen Mts. Mogollen Creek, elev. 7 500ft. July 23 1903, O.B.Metcalfe 305 (K); OHIO: 1837, Frank s.n. (K); OREGON: Lower Frazer River, 49° N. lat. 1859, Dr. Lyall s.n. (K); near Siniakwateen, Pend Oreille river, June 1861, Dr. Lyall s.n. (K); PENNSYLVANIA: (as A. caudata Greene) Selkirk Flora, hill above Revelstoke elev. 5 100ft. July 11 1905, Chas. H.Shaw 886 (K); UTAH: Wahsatch Mts elev. 7-8 000ft. 1877, J.D.Hooker & A.Gray s.n. (K); WISCONSIN: Milwaukee without date, I.A.Lapham s.n. (K).

5b. Actaea rubra f. neglecta

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: Norfolk Ranch, elev. 3 500 ft. August 4 1938, T.R.G.Moir159 (K); SASKATCHAWAN: June 18 1858, E.Bourgeau s.n. (K); ONTARIO: St. Ignace Island, creek on east side of Duncan’s Cove, August 1 1959, C.E.Garton 6617 (K); Matheson, Cochrane district near McDougal falls, banks of the Black River, July 17 1952, W.K.W.Baldwin & A.J.Breitung 3261 (K); QUEBEC: Montreal, August 1851, McLogan s.n. (K).

6a. Actaea spicata var. spicata

ASIA: IRAN: Elburz Mts. near Orimnizya Kush elev. 1300m. October 14 1977, H.Fliegner & J.B.Simmons 04210 (K); TURKEY: North Anatolia, Kastamonu elev. 1 400m. July 24 1989, R.M.Nesbitt & D.J.Samuel 2755 (RNG); EUROPE: AUSTRIA: road to Plocken Pass, 3 km above Mauthen, Kärnten, June 1 1987, D.A.Webb s.n. (RNG); BULGARIA: Sofia, Rila Planina, Musala, forest west of Borovec elev. 1 250m. August 1 1985, M.F. & S.G.Gardiner 3273 (RNG); BRITISH ISLES: England, Colt Park wood, Ribblehead, mid-west Yorkshire, June 29 1934, P.M.Hall 1198 (RNG); DENMARK: south of Aarhus, September 1978, H.J.M.Bowen 5421 (RNG); FINLAND: South Häme, Riihimäki, north-west of Suontausta, July 29 1987, Raino Lampinen 2774 (RNG); GREECE: West Macedonia, Grevena district on slopes of Mt. Orliaka elev. 1200m. May 25 1973, E.Stamatiadou 17264 (RNG); ITALY: Basilicata, Potenza prov. Monte Pollino, Col di Dragone, July 25 1983, J.R.Akeroyd, S.L.Jury, C.J.Miles & A.F.J.Rumsey 4097 (RNG); RUSSIA: Kaluga prov. Nara near Podolsk to Obminsk road, May 18 1977, A.K.Skvortsov s.n. (RNG); Kalinin prov. near Sochnovo, August 13 1966, Z. Alferova s.n. (RNG); SPAIN: Central Pyrenees, Huesca prov. near Benasque, Estos Valley elev. 1850m. August 8 1961, P.G.Coultas, R.N.Lester & R.E.Longton 291 (RNG); YUGOSLAVIA: Hrvatska, Gerovo elev. 1000m. August 8 1984, M.F.& S.G.Gardiner 2591 (RNG).

6b. Actaea spicata var. acuminata

INDIA: Nag Kunda near Simla elev. 9 000ft without date, Major Madden s.n. (K); Simla elev. 10 000ft. July 1 1920, B.Sahni 289 (K); Kashmir, Marhama elev. 8 500ft. on or before October 1912, G.L.C.Fuller 180 (K); Uttar Pradesh, Hanianta Ridge elev. 9 000ft. May 1906, H.H.Haines 2185 (K); Punjab, Lahul without date, H.Jaeschke 137 (K); BHUTAN: ex East India Co. without date, Griffiths 2078 (K).

7. Actaea arizonica

U.S.A.: ARIZONA: Bill Williams Mt. August 1883, H.H.Rusby 510 (NYx2,P,US); Coconino Co. Kaibab Nat. Forest, Bill Williams botanical area, Clover Trail crossing W. Cataract Creek drainage on N. side of Bill Williams Mt. elev. 2532m, September 18 1994, Barbara G. Phillips & Signe Hurd s.n. (RNGx2); Gila Co. Workman Creek Falls, Sierra Ancha Mts. August 28 1966, Al. Hesselberg s.n. (ARIZ); Gila Co. Tonto region below Workman Creek Falls, August 25 1976, R.K.Gierisch 3790 (ASCx2); Coconino Co. West Fork of Oak Creek Canyon, August 19 1959, R.H.Heuly s.n. (MNA); Coconino Co. West Fork of Oak Creek Canyon, at base of a Supai sandstone cliff in moist shade elev. 5500ft. July 30 1963, Ardith B.Johnson 1033 (MNA).

8. Actaea elata

CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: Liumchen Trail near end of logging road elev.3000ft. August 25 1957, Katherine I.Beamish & F.Vrugtman 7928 (UBCx2); Cultus Lake, September 19 1996, Jane Wentworth, George Douglas & Jenifer Penny s.n. (UBC); U.S.A.: OREGON: Polk Co. One mile up Teal Creek from Falls City, June 25 1954, Willeta M.Smith s.n. (WTU); Douglas Co. Wolf Ridge on Pilot Rock road 4 mls west of Hwy 227, 16 mls south-east of Tiller, R1W T32 S sec.17, July 23 1975, V.L.Crosby 276 (OSCx2); Powers Creek near Silverton, July 15 1910, A.S.Foster 1282 (HPSU); WASHINGTON: Skamania Co. near base of Mt. Hamilton, open woods, not common, June 7 1919, Martin W.Gorman 4554 (ORE); Sauvie’s Island, June 13 1884, T.J.Howell s.n. (HPSU); Clallam Co. Olympic Mts. July 1900, A.D.E.Elmer 2662 (NY).

9. Actaea cordifolia

U.S.A.: NORTH CAROLINA: Forest road near Castle. N.Carolina, 1872, J.Cosmos Melville s.n. (MANCH); Carolina, without date or locality, A.Gray s.n. (E); PENNSYLVANIA: Berks.Co. Grand View, south of Heidelberg Township, September 21 1971, W.C.Brumbach 7678 (C,NY); TENNESSEE: rich woods, Knoxville, July 28 1900, Albert Ruth 379 (GH); rich woods, Knoxville, September & October 1900, A.Ruth s.n. (CGEx2); Knoxville, July 30 1902, A.Ruth 789 (E); Knoxville, September 20 1892, A.Ruth 2063 (WTU); Roane Co. base of limestone bluff, north facing, high point and lake access in the Young’s Creek area on the Clinch river ca. 3mls above Kingston, August 16 1963, Gwynn W.Ramsey & Starla Ramsey 521 (WTU); VIRGINIA: Scott Co. north facing slope over dolomite limestone on the Clinch river, road .10 mile south of Rt.23 and Sperry’s Ferry, forest margin, August 15 1985, G.W.Ramsey & Brad. Decker 37048 (MO).

10. Actaea biternata

JAPAN: HONSHU: Yokohama, September 1862, C.J Maximowicz s.n. (BMx2,GHx2,Kx2,NYx2,Px2); Chiba Pref. Mt.Kiyosumi, Amatsukominato-machi, Awa-gun, 1940, Tomitaro Makino 51130 (DS,UC); Kawachi Prov. Mt.Kongo en route from Chilaya and summit elev. 900m. October 10 1966, M.Tamura 3806 (E); Hondo, Kibune, September 24 1936, Jisaburo Ohwi 9019 (UPS,WIS); Aichi Pref. Prov. Mikawa, Oo-nagura, Nagura-mura, Kita-shitara-gun, along Kamsa river, October 27 1957, Miyoshi Furuse s.n. (A); Chiba Pref. Boso peninsula, Mt.Kiyosumi 35ø09’N; 140ø09’E,in the forest, October 17 1938, S.Suzuki 270 (A); Tokyo Pref. Itsukaichi-cho, Nishitama-gun elev. 600m. September 15 1987, Hidenobu Funakoshi 777 (NY); Kanagawa Pref. Jinmuji Takatoriyama, Dzushi city, June 28 1959, Sumiko Kobayashi s.n. (Ex3); Kyoto Pref. Mt.Kurama elev.270-560m, September 21 1958, M.Hiroe 13116 (UC,WIS); Nara Pref. gorge of the Sannoko, Kawakami-mara, Yosino-gun, October 7 1954, M.Tagawa 6703 (U); Shiga Pref. Ohtsu-shi, Mt.Hosan, Anrakurisun elev.300m to Yakawachudo elev.700m. September 15 1982, H.Ohashi, Y.Tateishi, Y.Endo & H.Hoshi 8960 (CM); Okayama pref. Bizen prov. September 20 1920, Genkai Masamune s.n. (NY).

11. Actaea purpurea

CHINA NORTH-CENTRAL: SHAANXI: Hsiyang-hsien, in monte prope Kaoping, Kuschipu, August 11 1926, J.H.Jerreda 744 (Z); SHANXI: Shansi, Shi-yang-hsien, August 29 1950, C.Y.Liu & Y.Liu 13577 (LE); CHINA SOUTH-CENTRAL: GUIZHOU: Prov.de Kouy-tcheou, 1907, J.Cavalerie 3155 (K); HUBEI: (Left Hand Infl.only) W.Hupeh, September 1901, E.H.Wilson 2239 (NY); W.Hupeh, October 1901, E.H.Wilson 2239a (Kx2); Patung district, Ichang, May 1888, A.Henry 6083 (A,BM,DBN,Ex2,GHx3,LE,NY,USx2); Hupeh (sett.=N.Hubei), Zan-lan-scian, October 1913, C.Silvestri 3724 (A); Shennongjia Forest district 31°30’N; 110°30’E, along trail between Hongriwan construction camp and Qiujiaping elev.1200-1400m. September 2 1980, Sino-Amer.Exped 586 (A,CM); Shennongjia Forest district in the vicinity of Qiujiaping elev.1440-1650m. September 3 1980, Sino-Amer.Exped. 622 (A); SICHUAN: East Sichuan, district de Tchen-keou-tin elev. 1400m. August without year, Rev.Farges 118 (P); East Sichuan, district de Tchen-keou-tin, bois a Heou-pin elev. 1600m. September 6 1893, Farges 1260 (K,NY,Px3).

12a. Actaea japonica var. japonica

CHINA NORTH-CENTRAL: GANSU: elev. 1820m. September 17 1958, Z.P.Wie 2502 (SZ); SHANXI: Shansi austr. Yuan-chii distr. Shui-wang p’ing in silva frondosa elev.ca.1600m. July 27 1924, Harry Smith 6716 (UPS); Mt.Tean-san, N.Central China, 1898, Rev.Fr.Hugh s.n. (BM); CHINA SOUTHEAST: HAINAN ISLAND: Wu-zhi-shan Mountain, November 27 1957, Guangzhi Exped. 44305 (KUN); HENAN: Lingbao Co. elev. 1320m. August 16 1958, Fu-Jin-qiu 136 (KUN); CHINA SOUTH-CENTRAL: GUIZHOU: Tating (=Ta-fang) on cliffs, September 12 1930, Y.Tsiang 8922 (NY,UC); Kouy-tcheou, November 13 1907, Julien Cavalerie 3030 (P); Kouy-tcheou, Najo and Gang-kia-tchong, July 24 and August 9 1907, J.Cavalerie 3199 (Px2); HUBEI: (Rt.Hand Infl.only) W.Hupeh September 1901, E.H.Wilson 2239 (NY); W.Hupeh, August 1901, E.H.Wilson 2581 (K,NY); SICHUAN: E.Su-tchuen, district de Tchen-keou-tin, without date, M.l’abbé Farges s.n. (UC); Nanchuan Co. Jinfo-shan elev. 1700m., Phytogeographic Exped. 419 (CDBI); YUNNAN: route to Pin-fa, Hong-ly, 1900-1920, J.Cavalerie 7868 (E,K); JAPAN: HONSHU: without date, Dr.Hance s.n. (BM); Kyoto Pref. road to Kurama, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto city, September 1905, T.Makino 51131 (UC); Musashi, Mt.Mitsumine, September 13 1909, T.Makino s.n. (H); Tokyo Pref. Mt.Takao, Hachioji city, May 5 1912, T.Makino 51119 (DS); Tochigi pref, Chuzenji ab Nikko, elev. ca.3000ft. October 13 1898, C.Schröter s.n. (ZTx2); Kanagawa Pref. north-west of Tokyo, Mt.Jimba-yama elev. 800m. 35°39’N; 139°09’E, October 7 1939, Shigatake Suzuki 271 (A); Yamanashi Pref. Mt.Kuradake, October 12 1951, S.Suzuki s.n. (UC,WTU); Fukushima Pref. Tomioka, 1875, Dr.Lud.Savatier s.n. (K); Nippon, Chichibu in Prov. Mousasi, September 11 1911, Kohei Onuma s.n. (Z); Gifu pref. Mino Prov. Hondo, May 28 1933, K.Shiota 6376 (GH); Tochigi Pref. Nikko near Lake Chuzenji elev. 950-1000m. September 14 1984, O.Pellmyr 36 (UPS); Mayagi pref. August 24 1894, U.Faurie 13536 (P); Iwate pref. Rikuchu prov. Iwaizumi, Ryusendo elev. 150m. August 6 1965, M.Tamura 3455 (E); Hiroshima pref. Bingo prov. Taishaku elev. 460m. October 12 1961, M.Tamura 8885 (E); Mino Prov. Hondo, September 1935, K.Shiota 9003 (GH); Gifu Pref. 1925, T.Makino 51120 (UC); KYUSHU ISLAND: Fukuoka Pref. Kasuya Co. Sasakuri township, Mt.Wakasugi elev. 650ft. October 26 1924, Kotobuki Ichikawa 32 (UC); Fukuoka, Kasuya, Sasakuri township, Mt.Wakasuki elev.650ft. October 26 1924, K.Ichikawa 44 (GH); Kumamoto Pref. Aso volcanoes, Onigaszyo on summit of the caldera elev. 800m. September 1 1956, Suzukio-Tokio s.n. (WISx3); SOUTH KOREA: CHEJU-DO (QUELPAERT ISLAND): in lacunis silvarum Quelpaert, October 1907, Taquet 174 (E,LE); Quelpaert in silvis Hallaisan elev. 600m. July 4 1908, Taquet 518 (LE); Hallaisan elev.800m. October 17 1908, Taquet 917 (E); Quelpaert in sylvis Hallasan, July 1909, Taquet 2589 (E,K,LE); Quelpaert, Hallasan elev. 800m. September 1 1911, Taquet 5360 (E); Halla-san, edge of mixed woodland on steep north facing damp bank, elev. 600m. September 24 1993, J.Compton 511 (RNG); in open woodland, rich volcanic soil, elev.150m. form with biternate terminal leaflets, September 26 1993, J.Compton 512 (RNG).

12b. Actaea japonica var. acutiloba

JAPAN: HONSHU: Pityrosperma acerinum Japan, culta in H.B.Desima (=hortus botanicus Deshima) without date ex Herb. Lugd.-Batav. (= Leiden) #908.181.1153, Siebold & Zuccarini s.n. (GH,HBG,Lx3,Mx2,Px2); Oyama, October 12 1876, James Bisset 567 (BM,E,LE); Mt.Hozen woods, August 1929, T.Nakai N.73/31 (K);

JAPAN: KYUSHU: Nagasaki, Shimabara, September 10-22 1863, Maximowicz s.n. (BM,GOET,K,ZT); Nagasaki, Kundsho-san, September 22- October 10 1863, Maximowicz s.n. (LEx2); Kumamoto Pref. Saogun, Ichinomiyamachi near Kokuzozinzya elev. 600m. in herbage by stream, November 4 1968, T.Yamazaki & H.Ohashi 11014 (K); Nagasaki Pref. Mt.Unzen, September 1934, T.Makino s.n. (UC);

SOUTH KOREA: CHEJU-DO (QUELPAERT ISLAND): in silvis Quelpaert, October 1907, Taquet 173 (LE,E); in woods of Hallasan, 1908, Taquet 918 (E); seccus torrentes Quelpaert, October 1906, U.Faurie 170 (BM,E); in lacunis montium Quelpaert, October 1906, U.Faurie 171 (BM,E,LE,Px2,UC,Z).

13. Actaea podocarpa

U.S.A.: GEORGIA: Georgia, September 13 1978, Hill, Muir & Stutts 23125 (C); KENTUCKY: Kentucky, July 17 1937, E.Lucy Braun 1585 (US); MARYLAND: Garrett Co. in rocky woods, Lloyds Hill near Oakland, September 21 1882, John Donnell Smith s.n. (US); NORTH CAROLINA: Haywood Co. Graveyard Ridge in Pisgah Nat. Forest elev. c.5000ft, August 19 1967, Dan Pittillo 2864 (B,BM,C,CM,GH,H,NY,U,UBC,UC,WTU); PENNSYLVANIA: Westmoreland Co. September 10 1876, P.E.Pierron s.n. (MANCH); TENNESSEE: Carter Co. Roan Mt. Elev. 5000ft. September 20 1963, A.J.Sharp & Gwynn Ramsey 31610 (NY); VIRGINIA: Yankee Horse Ridge on rocky ground near stream beside Blue Ridge parkway elev. 3140ft, August 30 1967, G.W.Ramsey, R.S.Freer & Wm.Ruska 7728 (ASC,GH); WEST VIRGINIA: Preston Co. along Rt.219 near Tucker Line in woods, August 31 1944, Mr.& Mrs. H.A.Davis 6218 (CM,WTU).

14. Actaea laciniata

U.S.A. OREGON: Lost Lake, July 5 1891, C.V.Piper s.n. (WTU); Lost Lake, August 21 1927, Lilla Leach 1429 (ORE); Clackamas Co. Mt. Hood national forest, tributary of the Roaring river west of Squaw Lakes on wet streambanks elev. 4000ft. August 15 1990, Doug. Goldenberg s.n. (OSC); in deep woods by Lost Lake near Mt. Hood, August 18 1934, George Neville Jones 6022 (WIS); Hood River Co. Lost Lake, Mt. Hood on north-east facing banks and flats approx. 1-1.5 mls along trail on west shore, very moist, elev. 3000ft. August 7 1964, Gwynn W.Ramsey 33157 with Betty, Starla & Kevin Ramsey (GH,NYx2,WTU); without locality, 1886, L.F.Henderson s.n. (GH); Lost Lake on moist subwooded flat, September 26 1924, L.F.Henderson 872 (ORE); Clackamas Co. along cliffs near Mirror Lake above Yuccum Falls on way to Mt. Hood, August 10 1926, J.William Thompson 1637 (OSCx2,WTU); beside Mirror Lake, Mt. Hood, August 17 1927, J.W.Thompson 3588 (K); Hood River Co. damp borders of Lost Lake, August 21 1927, J.W.Thompson 3648 (K,WILLU, WTU); Hood River Co. boggy land at Lost Lake elev. 3000ft. July 31 1934, J.W.Thompson 11190 (WTU); Creek near Soda Peak elev. 1200m. very moist habitat, August 23 1983, Olle Pellmyr12 (UPS); Lewis Co. Gifford Pinchot nat. forest 400m. south of Goose Lake, August 18 1983, O.Pellmyr 25 (UPS); Lewis Co. Gifford Pinchot nat. forest 400m. south-east of Goose Lake 46°40’N; 122°19’W, September 10 1983, O.Pellmyr, Elise Angenstein & Angela Brown 31 (UPS).

15. Actaea frigida

BHUTAN: Mindook-La, Bhutan highlands, July 31 1884, Dungboo 1 (ABD,K,MPU); CHINA SOUTH-CENTRAL: SICHUAN: Pao-hsing-hsien elev. 3500m., August 15 1936, K.L.Chu 3602 (BM); YUNNAN: Tali range elev. 9-11000 ft. July-September 1906, G.Forrest 4391 (LE); INDIA: UTTAR PRADESH: Kumaon, without locality, R.Blinkworth s.n. (BM); DARJEELING: Town-end, Darjeeling without date, G.Ghose 99,(C). MYANMAR: Taron Valley lat.N.28° 10’ long.E.98° 10’ elev. 7500 ft. October 19 1938, R.Kaulback 137 (BM); Kachin State, N. Triangle, Tama-Bum elev.10300 ft. October 12 1953, F.Kingdon-Ward 21454 (A,BM); Adung Valley lat.28° 20’N. long.97° 40’E. source of the Irrawaddy elev. 13000 ft. August 5 1931, F.Kingdon-Ward 9906 (BMx2,GHx2). NEPAL: Laruni Ghiang elev. 9-11000 ft. June 17 1914, Lall Dhevoj 37 (K); without locality 1923, Lall Dhevoj 139 (E); SIKKIM: Lachen, elev. 8000ft. September-October 1909, Ribu & Rhomoo 3096 (E); Lachen elev. 8000 ft. November 25 1911, Ribu & Rhomoo 6106 (E,K); TIBET: Tsanang-La near Paka 29° 15’N 94° 23’E elev. 10500 ft. July 15 1938, F.Ludlow, G.Sherriff & G.Taylor 5834 (BM,E,UPS).

16. Actaea yunnanensis

CHINA: SICHUAN: Chienning (Qianning-xian) near Kanding elev. 3620m. July 20 1959, C.L.Chin 02164 (SZ); Che-tse-lo on top of Pi-lo-shan elev. 4000m. August 23 1934, H.T.Tsai 58131 (SZ); Muli, south-west Sichuan elev. 5000m. August 13 1978, C.S.Tsao 6572 (SZx2); Muli, elev. 3450m. without date, C.S.Tsao 6843 (SZ); YUNNAN: on Pass between Chungtien and Tang-tui elev. 11-12000ft. September 1904, George Forrest 514 (K); east flank of the Likiang Range elev. 11-12000ft. Lat.27° 15’N. July 1906, G.Forrest 2605 (E,P); east flank of the Likiang Range elev. 9-12000ft. August 1910, G.Forrest 6334 (BM,Ex2,Kx2); TIBET: Jiangda Co. elev. 3600m. July 22 1976, Qinghai-Tibet Exped. 12416 (KUN).

17a. Actaea mairei var mairei

CHINA: GANSU: La-che-tze shan south of Sining elev. 3350-3900m. August 3 1923 R.C.Ching 711, (GH,US); GUIZHOU: Pi-chieh, north-west Guizhou elev. 1900m. without date Kunming Exped. to Bijie 787, (KUN); HUBEI: Shennongjia Forest District in the vicinity of Chuifeng Pass elev. 2760-3000m., August 26 1980, Sino-Amer. Exped. 253 (A,UC); SHANXI: Chiao-ch'eng district, Yun-ting- shan in prato fruticoso ca.1900m. August 19 1924, Harry Smith 7015, (BM,UPS); SHAANXI: Pao-ki (Pao-chi), Miao wan-san, August 1897, Rev.Hugh 22, (BM); SICHUAN: Kanding Co. elev. 2950m. August 8 1981, Zhao Zhen-Ju 115227, (CM); YUNNAN: in dumetis prope Likiang versus pagum Agu-leh-keh elev. 3000-3200m. July 29 1914, Camillo Schneider 2044, (GH,Kx2); TIBET: Kamb (Chambdo) basin of Mekong river beside River Czechu (Dze-chu) elev. 11000-13000ft. December 1900, V.F.Ladigin 301, on P.K.Koslov Exped. (LE).

17b. Actaea mairei var. foliolosa

CHINA: GANSU: regio Tangut, Kansu, 1880, N.M.Przewalski s.n. (K); SICHUAN: Kanding Co. elev. 2600m. August 13 1981, Zhao Zhen-Ju 115326 (E); YUNNAN: Zhongdian, Little Zhongdian to Tianchi Lake elev. 3549m. 27? 37'N; 099? 39'E, June 11 1994, ACE Exped. 118 (E).

18. Actaea brachycarpa

CHINA SOUTHEAST: HENAN: Lu-shi Co. elev. 940m., J.Q.Fu 678 (KUN); Ningbao Co. elev.1470m. August 21 1958, J.Q.Fu 234 (KUN); CHINA SOUTH-CENTRAL: HUBEI: Hupeh, Ichang before 1890, Dr.Augustin Henry 6073a (K,Px2); western Hupeh, August 1900, E.H.Wilson 553 (US); SICHUAN: Baoxing hsien elev. 2400m. August 29 1936, K.L.Chu 3752 (BM,E,SZ); CHINA NORTH-CENTRAL: SHANXI: Mt.Thae-pei-san, 1898, Rev.Fr.Hugh s.n. (BM).

19. Actaea kashmiriana

INDIA: KASHMIR: without date or locality, J.F.Royle s.n. (LIV); without locality or date, Dr.Stuart s.n. (K); Kashmir 1871, J.L.Stewart s.n. (E); without locality or date, V.Jacquemont 690 (K); Cachemir without date, V.Jacquemont 910 (Px4); Khelanmarg, elev 10000ft. in Abies forest and clearings, September 13 1956, O.Polunin 7799 (Bx2,BMx2,F); Liddar valley, Ichnar -nela elev.8000-9000ft. August 19 1901, I.Khan 25449, for J.F.Duthie (K); Tihri-Garwhal forest between Kharsali and Bari elev. 8000-9000ft. September 1 1883, J.F.Duthie 727 (BM); Kulewan valley near Verineg elev. 2250m. September 20 1960, H.M.Heybroek 846 (K); Mihard elev. 8500ft. presented 1912, G.L.C.Fuller 217 (K); Khillan marg in the catchment area, elev. 10000ft. August 20 1933, Joan Venning 64 (K); Nagian marg among bushes elev. 8700ft. September 4 1933, F.E.W.Venning 95 (K); Ferozepore Nullah, October 1 1953, F.E.W.Venning 140 (K); Gulenmarg, Kashmir elev. 11000ft. August 7 1919, H.H.Rich 1227 (K); Baramulla, Kashmir presented in 1928, (with) H.H.Rich 1313 (K); Singhpur elev. 7500ft. September 15 1876, C.B.Clarke 31328 (BM,E); Kishtvar on route to the Pir Patsaski or Kishtvar Pass, August 1-4 1856, P.Schlagintweit 3793 (BM); Gulmarg elev. 10000ft. August 1922, Major J.F.Barbour s.n. (BM); Gulmarg elev. 10000ft. September 1922, J.F.Barbour s.n. (BM); PUNJAB: Bahli Forest, September 1908, J.R.Drummond 24752 (K); PAKISTAN: HAZARA: Kazara, Kagan valley elev. 14000-15000ft. August 22 1896, Inayat Khan 19127, for J.F.Duthie (K); TIBET: W.Tibet, west of Tatung elev. 10000ft. August 3 1936, F.Spencer Chapman 327 (K); W.Tibet, June 27 1838, Sores 2885, ex herb.Falconer 76 (K); W.Tibet without date, Falconer 76, ex herb.E.I.C.(= East India Company) (GH,K,Px2); Gantsa to Tatung elev. 10000-12000ft. August 17 1938, B.J.Gould 1528 (K).

20a. Actaea cimicifuga var. cimicifuga

MONGOLIA: Montes Kentei orientales ad fontes fluviorum Kerulen, August 31 1928, N.& V.Ikonnikov-Galitzky 750 (GH); RUSSIAN SIBERIA: IRKUTSK: S.C.Baical, among pinewoods on terrace 15m. above level of L.Baical south-west of University of Irkutsk biological station 17km east-north-east of the mouth of Angara river near village of Bolshoe Koty elev.1505ft. June 28 1979, H.H.Iltis, J.C.Coffey, M.F.Denton & I.M.Krasnoborov 25 (WISx2); BURYATIYA: Burijatskaja ASSR, Tunkinskij rayon, river Cherbijt, July 17 1967, G.Yakovlev & K.Blinova s.n. (U); KRASNOYARSK: Siberia orientale, Birjussa without date, Stubendorff s.n. (F); TUVA: Khakasskay, Minusinsk, v. Sujetuk, July 19 1885, Ehnberg & Hammarstrîm s.n. (Hx2); Western Sayan Range, Kadyr Egi-Tayga Mts. near Karagol river, elev.1550m. July 26 1976, Krasnoborov 861 (Kx3); WEST SIBERIA: Tomsk, banks of the Ob river, Siberia, received March 1877, Captain Wiggins s.n. (K); ALTAY, Kemerovskay, neighbourhood of Novokuznetsk in valley of river Kondomy, July 27 1974, N.Sgulova s.n. (C); Novosibirsk, Sibiria inter opp. Tomsk et Barnaul, August 1-10 1895, C.Nyberg s.n. (Hx2).

20b. Actaea cimicifuga var. racemosa

MONGOLIA: Karsinen in Burejutsk, without date, N.Ikonnikov-Galitzky 281 (UC); RUSSIAN SIBERIA: BURYATIYA: Transbaical Exped. Akshimskij district, mountain near Chikoj River (Chikoy river) near Burech River junction, July 11 1913, W.Smirnow 503 (LE); IRKUTSK: Slyudyanka to Khamar-daban Mts. near Kultuk, June 29 1876, Ksenzhopolski s.n. (LEx2); KRASNOYARSK: Turukhansk territory, on right bank of river Chunya below village of Mutoray, August 14 1931, A.H.Rubin s.n. (LE); TUVA: Tungusk, inter Irkutsk et Jenniseisk ad fl. Angara, Tunguska supr. prope pagum Padun, 1867, Czekanowski s.n. (BM); Tuvinskay, Uryankhai (Altai) Exped. mountain on right bank of river Sistsh-kema (Sistig-khem) near mouth of Astaka river, July 21 1913, J.W.Kuznetsov 4059 (LEx2).

21. Actaea europaea

AUSTRIA: Thaiathal (River Thaya) bei Hardegg, August 2 1881, A.Oborny s.n. (B); CZECK REPUBLIC: Brunn (Brno) in montosis calcareis bei Josephsthal, June 1848. Dr.Schur s.n. (Px2); GERMANY: Fleidenschäle bei Stuhm(Sztum) near Malbork (Marienburg), August -September 1852, Dr.H.E. von Klinggräff s.n. (B); HUNGARY: in valle Leanyvölgy supra pagum Nagyvisnyo (Comitat Borsod-Zemplen), July 25 1934, A.Bartha s.n. (B); POLAND: Pieniny Mts. Mt.Trzy Korony,September 8 1892, W.Jablonski s.n. (KRAM); SLOVAK REPUBLIC: above Hradek on rocky banks of the Waag (= Vah) river, July1870, M.Wetschky s.n. (UPSx2); RUSSIA: KALININGRAD: Eylan bei Köenigsberg (= Kaliningrad), E.Preussen (East Prussia), 1853, J.N.Ruck s.n. (ZT); ROMANIA: Turda south of Cluj (foot of Muntii Apuseni), June 21 1937, Baschant s.n. (B); UKRAINE: circa Tarastblain, Kiev district, 1813, C.Steven s.n. (H).

22. Actaea dahurica

CHINA NORTH-CENTRAL: BEIJING: ex herb.Forbes #2226, Peking, 1882, Dr.E.Bretschneider s.n. (K); HEBEI: Hsi-ling shan in ravine, August 1933, C.W.Wang 60642 (A); SHANXI: Wutaishan elev. 1400m. August 31 1930, H.W.Kung K-962 (E); INNER MONGOLIA: J’eou p’ao north-east of Suan-hua-fou, September 2 1925, Abb‚ E.Licent 7688 (Kx2); CHINA SOUTH-EAST: HENAN: Lu Shi Co. elev. 1650m. October 14 1958, Fu Jin-qiu 2149 (KUN); MANCHURIA: HEILONGJIANG: Prov.Sching-King, 1883, J.Ross 169 (K); JILIN: Hsiaowutaishan elev. 1700m. August 1929, C.F.Li 10677 (NY); RUSSIA: SIBERIA: without date or locality as "Thalictrioides foetidissima" in Amman’s hand, J.Amman s.n. (LE); CHITA (=DAHURIA): Dahuria without date ex herb.LE, 1867, G.Radde s.n. (K); RUSSIAN FAR EAST: AMUR: Amur region 1859, Maximowicz s.n. (BM,GH,K); PRIMORYE: Ussuri, 1903, F.Karo 40 (ZT); SOUTH KOREA: Mt. Tai-baick, August 10 1958, Il-Koo Lee s.n. (WIS); Kangwon-do, Yang-Yang district track to Mt. Mang-deram elev. 990m. sandy loam soil with granitic debris, September 30 1989, Kirkham, Flanagan & Boyce =KFBX 66 (K); Kangwon-do, Sorak-san in woodland elev. 600m. September 18 1993, J.A.Compton 506 (RNG).

23. Actaea taiwanensis

TAIWAN: Miaoli, Mt. Chunghsueshan elev. 2200-2400m. September 28.1984, T.Y.Yang & T.C.Huang 416 (K); Kaohsiung Hsien, South Cross Highway elev. 2728m October 1993, B.& S.Wynn-Jones 343 (RNG); Kaohsiung Hsien, South Cross Highway elev. 2800m. September 1994, B.& S.Wynn-Jones 1486 (RNG); Miaoli Hsien, Tahuieshan forest track 230, elev. 2400m. September 11 1995, T.Y.Aleck Yang & Y.B.Cheng 06400 (RNG).

24. Actaea bifida

NORTH KOREA: HAMNAM: road from Sanshui to Shinkalashin, south Kankyo to north Heian (Pyungbuk prov.) divide, September 5 1917, E.H.Wilson 9118 (K);

SOUTH KOREA: KANGWON: Kan-ouen-to (=Kangwon-do), common on slopes, September 1901, U.Faurie 220 (E); 18km south of N.Korea border growing on steep north facing cliff near river, September 19 1993, J.Compton 509 (RNGx2); 18km south of N.Korea border beside small river on steep north facing cliff, September 19 1993, J.Compton 510 (RNG).

25. Actaea heracleifolia

CHINA: INNER MONGOLIA: Mongolie Centrale, Lull-pou-ze, September 21 1917, E.Licent 3567 (P); CHINA MANCHURIA: HEILUNGKIANG: valley of river Mudan-dsian near Ekho railway station, 1919, K.Kazakhan 1912 (LE); LIAONING: Liaotung peninsula near Vanfangoo station, Kaungpan Chinese Temple, July 23 1902, O.Litwinow 1790 (LE,NY); JILIN: Kirin prov. July 25 1923, G.Treliakoff s.n. (LE); Kirin, Tientsin, September 14 1928, E.Licent 8622 (BM,K); RUSSIA FAR EAST: PRIMORSK: near Ussuriysk, August 1905, P.V.Sivzev s.n. (LE); SOUTH KOREA: Senthang, September 30 1910, Ralph G.Mills s.n. (UC); Chungchongnam-do, Chollipo near Mallipo among Pinus thunbergii forest elev.50m above sea shore, September 13 1993, J.A.Compton 501 (RNG); Kyungi-do, Ongjin-gun, Paekryong Islands on north side of hills, elev. 60m. between Chinchon Dong and the sea, C.Tubesing s.n. (K).

26. Actaea yesoensis

JAPAN: HOKKAIDO, south Hokkaido, August 30 1884, W.P.Brooks 205 (UC); Sapporo-shi, September 4 1968, M.Togashi s.n. (TI); Abashiri, Mokoto-ko, September 8 1974, H.Hara, S.Kurosawa & Y.Tateishi s.n. (TI); Kushiro Prefecture, Toroko elev. 50m. August 27 1980, Fuzako Yamazaki 2644 (TI); near Hakodate, 1861, Dr. Albrecht s.n. (K); Kitami Prov. Saroma-ko, Naniwa Saroma-choo, Tokoro-gun, September 12 1974, M.Furuse 7006 (K); Ishikari Prov. Sapporo-shi, Toyou-motoyama elev. 600-700m. September 9 1981, H.Takahashi, K.Kawabata, H.Kuriya & O.Asahara 1810-A (C); Sapporo, September 3 1903, S.Arimoto s.n. (GH); Cote d'Otsu, September 18 1889, U.Faurie 4807 (K); Ishikari Prov. August 1890, Y.Tokubuchi s.n. (K); Rishiri Island, Oniwaki, August 31 1934, M. Tatewaki s.n. (SAPS); Kitami Prov. Mamanbetu, August 30 1954, K. Kanijo s.n. (SAPS); Ishikari Prov. Mt. Morwa, September 3 1928, Fujita, Shimamura, Tagawa & Tokunaga s.n. (SAPS); Hidaka Prov. Saruru, August 13 1892, Y. Tokubuchi s.n. (SAPS); Hidaka Prov. Hidaka Jigyoku 72-Rinpan, Nissyo-doro, August 22 1967, Ko Ito s.n. (SAPS); Ishikari Prov. Makomanai, September 26 1929, Otani & Sakomoto s.n. (SAPS); Rebun Island, Kitami Prov. August 23 without year, Kingo Miyabe s.n. (SAPS); Nemuro Prov. Atsutoko, August 19 1929, Seiya Ito s.n. (SAPS); HONSHU, Aomori Pref. Mutsu, August 1905, N. Kinashi s.n. (SAPS); Iwate Pref. 5.ix.1898, K. Miyabe s.n. (SAPS).

27. Actaea matsumurae

JAPAN: HONSHU, Aichi Prefecture, Orimoto-tooge, Kami-tsugu-mura, Kita-shitara-gun, September 28 1955, Miyoshi Furuse s.n. (UC); Central Honshu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Yokohama, Hakone, 1862, Maximowicz s.n. (UC); West Honshu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kasuya, Sasakuri township, Mt. Wakasugi elev. 670m. October 26 1924, Kotobuki Ichikawa 200210/97 (UC); near Toyota-gun, September 1894, Hisamatsu 175 (TI); Collector unknown s.n., Central Honshu, Nikko, without date (TI); Collector unknown s.n., South Honshu, Fusha-nishigahara-mura, near Osaka and Kyoto, October 12 1879 (TI); Central Honshu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Izu Peninsula, Yoichizaka, Yugashima elev. 260m. October 30 1965, H.Kanai, H.Ohashi & K.Hasegawa s.n. (TI); Central Honshu, Chiba Prefecture, Awa Province, Mt. Kiyozumi, November 10 1968, T.Tuyama & S.Takahiza s.n. (TI); Central Honshu, Nara Prefecture, Sanjyotsuji to Rengetsuji on Mt. Omine-san, yoshino-gun, September 27 1970, M.Hotta, N.Hujita & M.Kato 1107 (TI); Central Honshu, Kanagawa Prefecture, Hakone, Mt. Futagoyama, September 29 1952, Takasi Tuyama s.n. (TI); West Honshu, Hiroshima Prefecture, Mt. Kanmuri, elev. 1000m. October 8 1956, M.Hiroe 7726 (UC); Central Honshu, Shizuoka Prefecture, Izu Prov. Iwashina-mura, October 31 1954, Miyoshi Furuse s.n. (UC); Central Honshu, Tokyo-to, Haidzima, 30.ix.1963, M.Togashi 8821 (F); Central Honshu, Chiba Prefecture, Awa Prov. Mt. Kiyosumi, Amatsu-machi, October 1 1958, Miyoshi Furuse s.n. (A); Central Honshu, Shimane Prefecture, Mt. Oyorogi, Tonbara-cho, Iishi-gun, elev. 600-1200m. September 29 1982, K.Mimoro & S.Tsuguru 3153b (A).

28. Actaea simplex

JAPAN: HONSHU: Central Honshu, Nara Prefecture, Mt. Misen elev. 600-1000m. Yoshino County, August 26 1957, M.Hiroe 12813 (UC); Central Honshu, Nagano Prefecture, Shinano Prov. Mt. Kurohima-yama, Kashiwabara-mura, Kami-minochi-gun, elev. 800-900m. September 17 1956, Miyoshi Furuse s.n. (UC); Central Honshu, Shiga Prefecture, Mt. Ibuki, elev. 800-900m. August 18 1962, M.Hiroe 16566 (UC); SHIKOKU: North Shikoku, Kagawa Prefecture, Kaukankei (Syodo Island), elev. 500m. October 15 1963, T.Yamazaki 9307 (F); east Shikoku, Tokushima Prefecture, Ohama-batake to Fudo-noriwaya in Mt. Tsuruge. elev. 1500-1900m. August 14 1959, M.Hiroe 13326 (UC); Central Honshu, Yamanashi Prefecture, Okishinhata, Yamanokako-mura, Mina-mitsuru-gun, elev. 900m. September 15 1983, M.Togashi 511 (UC); northern Honshu, Miyagi Prefecture, Shiroishi-shi, Obara, July 30 1971, K.Saito s.n. (UC);

RUSSIAN FAR EAST: SAKHALIN: Higashiyama, Shikka district, August 28 1906, T. Miyake s.n. (SAPS); Chirikoro, Shikka district, August 6 1936, B. Yoshinura s.n. (SAPS); Tryohora district, Kukakusa, August 10 1923, S. Sugawara 106 (SAPS); Motodomari District, Horonaipo to Kasipo, August 14 without year, G. Toka, H. Abumiya & Y. Hosina s.n. (SAPS); Tryohora district, Chikaporonai, east Coast, August 15 1907, T. Miyake s.n. (SAPS); ca.15km north-north-west of Saosernoje (ca. 12km north of Vostotschnoj) August 17 1989, G. Krebs 2848 (B); Jushno-Sachalinsk, Mt. Tschechow ca. 600m. August 5 1989, G. Krebs 2693 (B); KURILE IS.: Iturup Island (Etrup), Onnebetsu, August 7 1890, J. Ishikawa s.n. (SAPS); Shikotan Island, Syakotan, Kegenoma, August 6 1933, A. & H. Kimura s.n. (SAPS); Urup Island, Tokotan beside lake, August 28 1927, M. Tatewaki s.n. (SAPS); Kunashiri Island, Atoiya to Shiranuka, August 4 1929, M. Nagai & M. Shimamura s.n. (SAPS); Kunashiri Island, Zenbekotan, August 22 1936, M. Tatewaki s.n. (SAPS); Shikotan Island, Shakotan, August 22 1927, M. Tatewaki s.n. (SAPS); AMUR: Zea River, Zejskaja pristan, July-August 1899, F.Karo 427 (UC); Amur river without date, Maximowicz s.n. (K); Amur River, July 31 1957, G.N.Nepli s.n. (GH); KAMCHATKA: Siberia, South Kamchatka, Petropavlovsk, July 23 1928, W.Eyerdam s.n. (F); Awatschka Bay, August 1848, Seemann 1346 (K); south Kamchatka, July 28 1910, B.Perfiliev 27 (K); PRIMORYE: Ussuri, Lake Khanka, 1898-1899, H.Bohnhof 292 (K); Siberia, Primorsk region, lat. 44°-45°N, 1859, C.Wilford s.n. (K); RUSSIAN SIBERIA: CHITA: Dahuria, June 1831, N.Turczaninow s.n. (K); BURYATIYA: Siberia, Transbaical, on or before 1877, Augivez s.n. (K); CHINA NORTH-CENTRAL: HEBEI: Hsiaowutai-shan, September 1934, C.W.Wang 62405 (A); CHINA SOUTH-CENTRAL: GUIZHOU: Nin-tou-shan, Fan-ching-shan, September 15 1931, Steward, Chiao & Cheo 589 (GH); HUBEI: Shennongjia Forest District east side of Jizigou Canyon elev. 1700m. August 25 1980, Sino-American Exped. 57 (UC); west Hupeh, August 1900, E.H.Wilson 1675 (K); Patung district, Ichang, 1887, A.Henry 4903 (K); HUNAN: Lushi-hsien. Laochu-shan, September 2 1935, K.M.Liou 5350 (K); SHAANXI: Taipei-shan, 1910, W.Purdom s.n. (K); Tsin-linn, 22 1916, E.Licent 2739 (K); SICHUAN: Mt. Omei, August 1904, E.H.Wilson 4713 (K); KOREA: North Kankyo province, Engan, August 22 1917, E.H.Wilson 8984 (K).